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Admiral of the Fleet Edward Russell, 1st Earl of Orford, PC (1653 – 26 November 1727) was a Royal Navy officer. After serving as a junior officer at the Battle of Solebay during the Third Anglo-Dutch War, he served as a captain in the Mediterranean in operations against the Barbary pirates. Russell was one of the Immortal Seven, a group of English noblemen who issued the Invitation to William, a document asking Prince William of Orange to depose King James II. Based in the Netherlands, he served as Prince William’s secretary during the planning of William’s invasion of England and subsequent Glorious Revolution. He was fully engaged in providing naval support for the Williamite War in Ireland until the war ended and was Commander-in-Chief of the Anglo-Dutch force that fought the French fleet at Battle of Barfleur and destroyed much of it in a night attack at the Battle of La Hogue during Nine Years' War. Russell went on to be First Lord of the Admiralty during the reign of William III and then held the office twice again in the reign of King George I. He was also MP for Launceston, for Portsmouth and then for Cambridgeshire. ==Early career== Born the son of the Hon. Edward Russell, a younger son of the 4th Earl of Bedford and Penelope Russell (née Hill), Russell briefly attended St John's College, Cambridge and joined the Royal Navy in 1666.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Edward Russell )〕 Promoted to lieutenant in 1671, he was appointed to the fourth-rate HMS ''Advice'' and then transferred to the third-rate HMS ''Rupert'' and saw action, when a combined British and French fleet was surprised and attacked by the Dutch, led by Admiral Michiel de Ruyter, at the Battle of Solebay off the Suffolk coast in May 1672, during the Third Anglo-Dutch War.〔 Promoted to captain on 10 June 1672, Russell was given command of the fifth-rate HMS ''Phoenix'' and then transferred to the command of the fourth-rate HMS ''Reserve'' in the Mediterranean, in operations against the Barbary pirates in February 1675, then the to the command of the third-rate HMS ''Defiance'' in December 1677. He then move to the third-rate HMS ''Swiftsure'' in March 1678 and then to the fourth-rate HMS ''Newcastle'' in August 1680.〔In 1683 he ceased to be employed, as all of the members of the Russell family had fallen into disfavour with the King, after the discovery of Lord Russell's connection with the Rye House Plot.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Edward Russell, 1st Earl of Orford」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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